Dutch circle, Coenraad Metz, Amsterdam, c. 1700
Inv V09205

In the course of the sixteenth century the task began of mapping large areas. The currently used surveying instruments, compasses, measuring or T-squares and astronomical quadrants proved unsuitable for this task. Jan Pietersz. Dou (1573-1635) therefore devised a completely new instrument, which he used in 1608 for measurements for the creation of the Beemster polder. This circle of Dou's is a very ingenious and universal instrument. One can use it to lay plumblines, determine compass directions and measure both vertical and horizontal angles. Dou himself did not give the instrument a name. The name Dutch circle became prevalent in the nineteenth century.For two centuries the Dutch Circle remained the favourite instrument of Dutch surveyors. Though in the course of time some improvements were made, the basic construction remained virtually unchanged.