In 1851 Hermann von Helmholtz introduced the ophthalmoscope. With this the doctor could look inside and examine the retina of the refraction of the lens. Pioneering work was carried out by the Utrecht professor F.C. Donders. His study on the eye’s adaptation to seeing at differnt distances and focusing sharply had a great impact throughout the world. The short-sighted and long-sighted could at last obtain the correct glasses.
